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3: Bouma MJ, Kovats RS, Goubet SA, Cox JS, Haines A.
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4: Bouma MJ, Poveda G, Rojas W, Chavasse D, Quinones M, Cox J, Patz J.
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5: Gagnon AS, Smoyer-Tomic KE, Bush AB.
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6: Bouma MJ, Dye C.
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7: Dilley M, Heyman BN.
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8: Bouma MJ, van der Kaay HJ.
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9: Hales S, Weinstein P, Souares Y, Woodward A.
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10: Cobb KM, Charles CD, Cheng H, Edwards RL.
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11: Pascual M, Rodo X, Ellner SP, Colwell R, Bouma MJ.
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12: Turney CS, Kershaw AP, Clemens SC, Branch N, Moss PT, Fifield LK.
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13: Bouma MJ.
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14: Urban FE, Cole JE, Overpeck JT.
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15: Tudhope AW, Chilcott CP, McCulloch MT, Cook ER, Chappell J, Ellam RM, Lea
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16: Moy CM, Seltzer GO, Rodbell DT, Anderson DM.
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17: Wang HJ, Zhang RH, Cole J, Chavez F.
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18: Stenseth NC, Ottersen G, Hurrell JW, Mysterud A, Lima M, Chan KS, Yoccoz
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19: Maelzer D, Hales S, Weinstein P, Zalucki M, Woodward A.
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Environ Health Perspect. 1999 Oct;107(10):817-8.

20: Githeko AK, Lindsay SW, Confalonieri UE, Patz JA.
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21: Rodo X, Pascual M, Fuchs G, Faruque AS.
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22: Anyamba A, Linthicum KJ, Tucker CJ.
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23: Franke CR, Ziller M, Staubach C, Latif M.
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Emerg Infect Dis. 2002 Sep;8(9):914-7.

24: Poveda G, Rojas W, Quinones ML, Velez ID, Mantilla RI, Ruiz D, Zuluaga JS,
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Environ Health Perspect. 2001 May;109(5):489-93.

25: Greenough G, McGeehin M, Bernard SM, Trtanj J, Riad J, Engelberg D.
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26: Chen D, Cane MA, Kaplan A, Zebiak SE, Huang D.
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Nature. 2004 Apr 15;428(6984):733-6.

27: Turk D, McPhaden MJ, Busalacchi AJ, Lewis MR.
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Science. 2001 Jul 20;293(5529):471-4.

28: Spennemann DH, Marschner IC.
The association between El Nino/Southern Oscillation events and typhoons in the
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29: Brad Adams J, Mann ME, Ammann CM.
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30: Stott L, Poulsen C, Lund S, Thunell R.
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Science. 2002 Jul 12;297(5579):222-6.

31: Huber M, Caballero R.
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Science. 2003 Feb 7;299(5608):877-81.

32: Edwards MS.
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Oecologia. 2004 Feb;138(3):436-47. Epub 2003 Dec 13.

33: Zell R.
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Int J Med Microbiol. 2004 Apr;293 Suppl 37:16-26.

34: Singh N, Sharma VP.
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Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2002 Jun;96(4):349-59.

35: Stenseth NC, Mysterud A, Ottersen G, Hurrell JW, Chan KS, Lima M.
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Science. 2002 Aug 23;297(5585):1292-6. Review.

36: Thomson MC, Abayomi K, Barnston AG, Levy M, Dilley M.
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Lancet. 2003 Feb 1;361(9355):437-8.

37: Lindblade KA, Walker ED, Onapa AW, Katungu J, Wilson ML.
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Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Sep-Oct;93(5):480-7.

38: Franks SW.
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Water Sci Technol. 2004;49(7):133-40.

39: Checkley W, Epstein LD, Gilman RH, Figueroa D, Cama RI, Patz JA, Black RE.
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Lancet. 2000 Feb 5;355(9202):442-50.

40: [No authors listed]
El Nino and its impact on health.
Epidemiol Bull. 1998 Jun;19(2):9-13.

41: Done SJ, Holbrook NJ, Beggs PJ.
The Quasi-Biennial Oscillation and Ross River virus incidence in Queensland,
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Int J Biometeorol. 2002 Sep;46(4):202-7. Epub 2002 Jun 25.

42: Druffel ER.
Geochemistry of corals: proxies of past ocean chemistry, ocean circulation, and
climate.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Aug 5;94(16):8354-61.

43: Behrenfeld MJ, Randerson JT, McClain CR, Feldman GC, Los SO, Tucker CJ,
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Science. 2001 Mar 30;291(5513):2594-7.

44: Wilson S, Arcese P.
El Nino drives timing of breeding but not population growth in the song sparrow
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Sep 16;100(19):11139-42. Epub 2003 Sep 05.

45: Wingfield JC, Ramos-Fernandez G, Nunez-de la Mora A, Drummond H.
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Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1999 May;114(2):163-72.

46: Siegert F, Ruecker G, Hinrichs A, Hoffmann AA.
Increased damage from fires in logged forests during droughts caused by El
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Nature. 2001 Nov 22;414(6862):437-40.

47: Ma J, Hung H, Blanchard P.
How do climate fluctuations affect persistent organic pollutant distribution in
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Environ Sci Technol. 2004 May 1;38(9):2538-43.

48: Visser K, Thunell R, Stott L.
Magnitude and timing of temperature change in the Indo-Pacific warm pool during
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Nature. 2003 Jan 9;421(6919):152-5.

49: McCabe GJ, Palecki MA, Betancourt JL.
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50: Ebi KL, Exuzides KA, Lau E, Kelsh M, Barnston A.
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Am J Public Health. 2001 Aug;91(8):1200-8.

51: Easterling DR, Meehl GA, Parmesan C, Changnon SA, Karl TR, Mearns LO.
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52: Lindgren E.
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Lakartidningen. 2000 Apr 12;97(15):1840, 1843-4. Review. Swedish. No abstract
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53: Martens WJ.
Climate change and malaria: exploring the risks.
Med War. 1995 Oct-Dec;11(4):202-13.

54: Bouma MJ, van der Kaay HJ.
Epidemic malaria in India and the El Nino southern oscillation.
Lancet. 1994 Dec 10;344(8937):1638-9. No abstract available.

55: Gubler DJ, Reiter P, Ebi KL, Yap W, Nasci R, Patz JA.
Climate variability and change in the United States: potential impacts on
vector- and rodent-borne diseases.
Environ Health Perspect. 2001 May;109 Suppl 2:223-33. Review.

56: Hazell DR, England MH.
Prediction of the fate of radioactive material in the South Pacific Ocean using
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J Environ Radioact. 2003;65(3):329-55.

57: Kovats RS, Campbell-Lendrum DH, McMichael AJ, Woodward A, Cox JS.
Early effects of climate change: do they include changes in vector-borne
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Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2001 Jul 29;356(1411):1057-68. Review.

58: Hay SI, Were EC, Renshaw M, Noor AM, Ochola SA, Olusanmi I, Alipui N, Snow
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Lancet. 2003 May 17;361(9370):1705-6.

59: Ebi KL, Exuzides KA, Lau E, Kelsh M, Barnston A.
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60: Abeku TA, van Oortmarssen GJ, Borsboom G, de Vlas SJ, Habbema JD.
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Acta Trop. 2003 Aug;87(3):331-40.

61: Hales S, Weinstein P, Woodward A.
Dengue fever epidemics in the South Pacific: driven by El Nino Southern
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Lancet. 1996 Dec 14;348(9042):1664-5.

62: Dore JE, Lukas R, Sadler DW, Karl DM.
Climate-driven changes to the atmospheric CO2 sink in the subtropical North
Pacific Ocean.
Nature. 2003 Aug 14;424(6950):754-7.

63: Koutavas A, Lynch-Stieglitz J, Marchitto TM Jr, Sachs JP.
El Nino-like pattern in ice age tropical Pacific sea surface temperature.
Science. 2002 Jul 12;297(5579):226-30.

64: Gutierrez JR, Meserve PL.
El Nino effects on soil seed bank dynamics in north-central Chile.
Oecologia. 2003 Mar;134(4):511-7. Epub 2003 Jan 16.

65: Patz JA, McGeehin MA, Bernard SM, Ebi KL, Epstein PR, Grambsch A, Gubler
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The potential health impacts of climate variability and change for the United
States: executive summary of the report of the health sector of the U.S.
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Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Apr;108(4):367-76.

66: Holmgren M, Scheffer M, Ezcurra E, Gutierrez JR, Mohren GM.
El Nino effects on the dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2001 Feb 1;16(2):89-94.

67: Thomson MC, Connor SJ.
The development of Malaria Early Warning Systems for Africa.
Trends Parasitol. 2001 Sep;17(9):438-45. Review.

68: Martens WJ, Niessen LW, Rotmans J, Jetten TH, McMichael AJ.
Potential impact of global climate change on malaria risk.
Environ Health Perspect. 1995 May;103(5):458-64.

69: Dech JP, Nosko P.
Rapid growth and early flowering in an invasive plant, purple loosestrife (
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70: Lindblade KA, Walker ED, Onapa AW, Katungu J, Wilson ML.
Land use change alters malaria transmission parameters by modifying temperature
in a highland area of Uganda.
Trop Med Int Health. 2000 Apr;5(4):263-74.

71: Hunter PR.
Climate change and waterborne and vector-borne disease.
J Appl Microbiol. 2003;94 Suppl:37S-46S. Review.

72: Patz JA, Strzepek K, Lele S, Hedden M, Greene S, Noden B, Hay SI, Kalkstein
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inoculation rates, using modelled soil moisture in Kenya.
Trop Med Int Health. 1998 Oct;3(10):818-27.

73: Sillett TS, Holmes RT, Sherry TW.
Impacts of a global climate cycle on population dynamics of a migratory
songbird.
Science. 2000 Jun 16;288(5473):2040-2.

74: Aalto R, Maurice-Bourgoin L, Dunne T, Montgomery DR, Nittrouer CA, Guyot
JL.
Episodic sediment accumulation on Amazonian flood plains influenced by El
Nino/Southern Oscillation.
Nature. 2003 Oct 2;425(6957):493-7.

75: Lindsay SW, Bodker R, Malima R, Msangeni HA, Kisinza W.
Effect of 1997-98 El Nino on highland malaria in Tanzania.
Lancet. 2000 Mar 18;355(9208):989-90.

76: Jull AJ, Burr GS, Beck JW, Donahue DJ, Biddulph D, Hatheway AL, Lange TE,
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Accelerator mass spectrometry at Arizona: geochronology of the climatic record
and connections with the ocean.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2002 Jun 11;2:1579-93.

77: Hjelle B, Glass GE.
Outbreak of hantavirus infection in the Four Corners region of the United
States in the wake of the 1997-1998 El Nino-southern oscillation.
J Infect Dis. 2000 May;181(5):1569-73. Epub 2000 May 15.

78: Ma J, Venkatesh S, Jantunen LM.
Evidence of the impact of ENSO events on temporal trends of hexachlorobenzene
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Sci Total Environ. 2003 Sep 1;313(1-3):177-84.

79: Ndiaye O, Hesran JY, Etard JF, Diallo A, Simondon F, Ward MN, Robert V.
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Sante. 2001 Jan-Feb;11(1):25-33. French.

80: Rojo-Vazquez JA, Aguilar-Palomino B, Galvan-Pina VH, Godinez-Dominguez E,
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Rev Biol Trop. 2001 Sep-Dec;49(3-4):915-29. Spanish.

81: Patz JA, Engelberg D, Last J.
The effects of changing weather on public health.
Annu Rev Public Health. 2000;21:271-307. Review.

82: Kiesecker JM, Blaustein AR, Belden LK.
Complex causes of amphibian population declines.
Nature. 2001 Apr 5;410(6829):681-4.

83: Cole JE, Dunbar RB, McClanahan TR, Muthiga NA.
Tropical pacific forcing of decadal SST variability in the western indian ocean
over the past two centuries
Science. 2000 Jan 28;287(5453):617-20.

84: Chen RL, Lin KS, Chang WH, Hsieh YL, Chen BW, Jaing TH, Yang CP, Hung IJ,
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Childhood Langerhans cell histiocytosis increased during El Nino 1997-98: a
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Acta Paediatr Taiwan. 2003 Jan-Feb;44(1):14-20.

85: Linthicum KJ, Anyamba A, Tucker CJ, Kelley PW, Myers MF, Peters CJ.
Climate and satellite indicators to forecast Rift Valley fever epidemics in
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86: Barbraud C, Weimerskirch H.
Climate and density shape population dynamics of a marine top predator.
Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2003 Oct 22;270(1529):2111-6.

87: Beaufort L, de Garidel-Thoron T, Mix AC, Pisias NG.
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Science. 2001 Sep 28;293(5539):2440-4.

88: Jones PD, Osborn TJ, Briffa KR.
The evolution of climate over the last millennium.
Science. 2001 Apr 27;292(5517):662-7. Review.

89: Pulwarty RS, Melis TS.
Climate extremes and adaptive management on the Colorado River: lessons from
the 1997-1998 ENSO event.
J Environ Manage. 2001 Nov;63(3):307-24.

90: Chinga-Alayo E, Huarcaya E, Nasarre C, del Aguila R, Llanos-Cuentas A.
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Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2004 Feb;98(2):116-24.

91: Nicholls N.
El nino-southern oscillation and vector-borne disease.
Lancet. 1993 Nov 20;342(8882):1284-5.

92: Harrison RD.
Repercussions of El Nino: drought causes extinction and the breakdown of
mutualism in Borneo.
Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2000 May 7;267(1446):911-5.

93: Riascos JM, Urban H.
[Population dynamics of Donax dentifer (Veneroida: Donacidae) in Bay of Bahia
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Rev Biol Trop. 2002 Sep-Dec;50(3-4):1113-23. Spanish.

94: [No authors listed]
El Nino and associated outbreaks of severe malaria in highland populations in
Irian Jaya, Indonesia: a review and epidemiological perspective.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1999 Dec;30(4):608-19. Review.

95: Connor SJ, Thomson MC, Molyneux DH.
Forecasting and prevention of epidemic malaria: new perspectives on an old
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Parassitologia. 1999 Sep;41(1-3):439-48. Review.

96: [No authors listed]
El Nino and its health impacts.
Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 1998 May 15;73(20):148-52. English, French. No abstract
available.

97: Hong SY, Kalnay E.
Role of sea surface temperature and soil-moisture feedback in the 1998
Oklahoma-Texas drought.
Nature. 2000 Dec 14;408(6814):842-4.

98: Malhi Y, Wright J.
Spatial patterns and recent trends in the climate of tropical rainforest
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Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2004 Mar 29;359(1443):311-29.

99: Patz JA, Kovats RS.
Hotspots in climate change and human health.
BMJ. 2002 Nov 9;325(7372):1094-8. Review. No abstract available.

100: Noren AJ, Bierman PR, Steig EJ, Lini A, Southon J.
Millennial-scale storminess variability in the northeastern United States
during the Holocene epoch.
Nature. 2002 Oct 24;419(6909):821-4.

101: Harvell CD, Mitchell CE, Ward JR, Altizer S, Dobson AP, Ostfeld RS, Samuel
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Climate warming and disease risks for terrestrial and marine biota.
Science. 2002 Jun 21;296(5576):2158-62. Review.

102: Normile D.
Global warming. Some coral bouncing back from El Nino.
Science. 2000 May 12;288(5468):941-2.
2000 Jun 9;288(5472):1751.

103: Hay SI, Myers MF, Burke DS, Vaughn DW, Endy T, Ananda N, Shanks GD, Snow
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Aug 1;97(16):9335-9.

104: Romero LM, Wikelski M.
Corticosterone levels predict survival probabilities of Galapagos marine
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Jun 19;98(13):7366-70.

105: Rittenour TM, Brigham-Grette J, Mann ME.
El Nino-like climate teleconnections in new england during the late pleistocene
Science. 2000 May 12;288(5468):1039-42.

106: Ausloos M, Ivanova K.
Power-law correlations in the southern-oscillation-index fluctuations
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Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2001 Apr;63(4 Pt 2):047201. Epub 2001
Mar 28.

107: Sagua H, Neira I, Araya J, Gonzalez J.
[New cases of Diphyllobothrium pacificum (Nybelin, 1931) Margolis, 1956 human
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Bol Chil Parasitol. 2001 Jan-Jun;56(1-2):22-5. Spanish.

108: Zhou G, Minakawa N, Githeko AK, Yan G.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Feb 24;101(8):2375-80.

109: Gerten D, Adrian R.
Effects of climate warming, North Atlantic Oscillation, and El Nino-Southern
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lakes.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2002 Mar 8;2:586-606. Review.

110: Gupta AK, Anderson DM, Overpeck JT.
Abrupt changes in the Asian southwest monsoon during the Holocene and their
links to the North Atlantic Ocean.
Nature. 2003 Jan 23;421(6921):354-7.

111: Patz JA, Epstein PR, Burke TA, Balbus JM.
Global climate change and emerging infectious diseases.
JAMA. 1996 Jan 17;275(3):217-23.

112: Dillehay TD, Kolata AL.
Long-term human response to uncertain environmental conditions in the Andes.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Mar 23;101(12):4325-30. Epub 2004 Mar 15.

113: Gillett NP, Zwiers FW, Weaver AJ, Stott PA.
Detection of human influence on sea-level pressure.
Nature. 2003 Mar 20;422(6929):292-4.

114: Mouchet J, Manguin S, Sircoulon J, Laventure S, Faye O, Onapa AW,
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Evolution of malaria in Africa for the past 40 years: impact of climatic and
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J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1998 Jun;14(2):121-30.

115: Tudhope S, Collins M.
Global change: The past and future of El Nino.
Nature. 2003 Jul 17;424(6946):261-2. No abstract available.

116: Smolders AJ, van der Velde G, Roelofs JG, Guerrero Hiza MA.
El Nino caused collapse of the sabalo fishery (Prochilodus lineatus, Pisces:
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Naturwissenschaften. 2000 Jan;87(1):30-2.

117: Kovats S, Haines A.
The potential health impacts of climate change: an overview.
Med War. 1995 Oct-Dec;11(4):168-78. Review.

118: Picaut J, Ioualalen M, Menkes C, Delcroix T, McPhaden MJ.
Mechanism of the Zonal Displacements of the Pacific Warm Pool: Implications for
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119: van der Werf GR, Randerson JT, Collatz GJ, Giglio L, Kasibhatla PS,
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Continental-scale partitioning of fire emissions during the 1997 to 2001 El
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Science. 2004 Jan 2;303(5654):73-6.

120: Lindsay SW, Martens WJ.
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Bull World Health Organ. 1998;76(1):33-45. Review.

121: Thompson AM, Witte JC, Hudson RD, Guo H, Herman JR, Fujiwara M.
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122: Ottesen PS, Lassen J.
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123: Beaubien EG, Freeland HJ.
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Int J Biometeorol. 2000 Aug;44(2):53-9.

124: Epstein PR.
Is global warming harmful to health?
Sci Am. 2000 Aug;283(2):50-7.

125: Bi P, Tong S, Donald K, Parton KA, Ni J.
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126: Culik B, Hennicke J, Martin T.
Humboldt penguins outmanoeuvring El Nino.
J Exp Biol. 2000 Aug;203 Pt 15:2311-22.

127: Wootton JT, Power ME, Paine RT, Pfister CA.
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129: Saenz R, Bissell RA, Paniagua F.
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130: Abeku TA, de Vlas SJ, Borsboom G, Teklehaimanot A, Kebede A, Olana D, van
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133: Gruber N, Keeling CD, Bates NR.
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134: Kirch PV.
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135: Reiter P.
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136: Patz JA, Reisen WK.
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137: Gjerdrum C, Vallee AM, St Clair CC, Bertram DF, Ryder JL, Blackburn GS.
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138: Kalkstein LS, Smoyer KE.
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143: Hulme M.
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144: Walsh RP, Newbery DM.
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145: Freye HB, King J, Litwin CM.
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147: Wright SD, Yong CG, Dawson JW, Whittaker DJ, Gardner RC.
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148: [No authors listed]
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150: Myers MF, Rogers DJ, Cox J, Flahault A, Hay SI.
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152: Wisner B.
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153: Sheppard CR, Spalding M, Bradshaw C, Wilson S.
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155: de Ville de Goyet C.
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156: Najera JA.
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157: Molyneux DH.
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158: Lauerman JF.
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159: Senior CA, Jones RG, Lowe JA, Durman CF, Hudson D.
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160: Gabastou JM, Pesantes C, Escalante S, Narvaez Y, Vela E, Garcia L, Zabala
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161: [No authors listed]
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162: Changnon SA, Easterling DR.
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163: Schreiber KV.
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164: McKay CP, Friedmann EI, Gomez-Silva B, Caceres-Villanueva L, Andersen DT,
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166: Griffies SM, Bryan K.
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167: Epstein PR.
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168: Kilian AH, Langi P, Talisuna A, Kabagambe G.
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169: Speelmon EC, Checkley W, Gilman RH, Patz J, Calderon M, Manga S.
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170: Sutherst RW.
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171: Anselmi M, Prandi R, Moreira JM.
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172: Minakawa N, Sonye G, Mogi M, Githeko A, Yan G.
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173: Haapala J, Meier HE, Rinne J.
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174: Douglas I, Bidin K, Balamurugan G, Chappell NA, Walsh RP, Greer T, Sinun
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178: Maher BA, Dennis PF.
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179: Palmer TN, Raisanen J.
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184: Field TS, Hill MD.
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185: Glass GE, Yates TL, Fine JB, Shields TM, Kendall JB, Hope AG, Parmenter
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186: Cane MA, Molnar P.
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187: Lind J.
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188: Anderson OR.
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189: Thomson M, Indeje M, Connor S, Dilley M, Ward N.
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190: Rojas W, Botero S, Garcia HI.
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191: Sims DW, Genner MJ, Southward AJ, Hawkins SJ.
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194: Shoaf KI, Peek-Asa C.
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236: Jendritzky G.
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253: Thompson DW, Wallace JM.
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257: Burch GE, Giles TD.
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258: Nikberg II.
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260: Kibukamusoke JW.
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311: Friedman I, Smitgi.
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320: WILLIAMS CB.
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330: Baier W.
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332: Gloyne RW.
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353: Normile D.
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354: Rosenthal Y, Broccoli AJ.
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